Traditionally, aquaculture and shellfish farming have been characterized by their single-species nature and unstructured reliance on the non-farming environment for waste recycling and disposal.

However, for some time now, thanks in part to a greater understanding of the interaction between aquatic species, not just animals, “new aquacultures” have been developing, challenging and transcending traditional concepts.
Work is therefore underway on: integrated multitrophic farms, where different species (fish, mollusks, crustaceans, algae) coexist and contribute not only in terms of product but also in terms of farm management; regenerative aquaculture, with the use, again multitrophic, of self-sustaining plant species (through photosynthesis) and herbivorous fish; closed-loop farms (RAS), for both freshwater and marine species; valorization of the characteristics of diadromous fish (which live in fresh and salt water, like various salmonids).